Television Is The Downfall Of Our Society Essay Example For Students

TV Is The Downfall Of Our Society Essay Would you be able to envision the real number of individuals who watch T.V.? Individuals invest more energy before the TV, than some other thing. These days, even kids, to be increasingly explicit, little children invest the greater part of their energy viewing T.V. Shouldn?t they be playing with their toys inside or outside, playing in the yard, heading off to the recreation center for a walk or to play on the swings and slides? Don?t you recall when you were youthful when your folks took you to the recreation center? All children went to the recreation center, however these days, the recreation center has been subbed with the TV and computer games (for youth). Perhaps this is additionally a motivation behind why a significant number of our kids are corpulent. Since the TV makers have made TV program for preschoolers, young youngsters, adolescents, and grown-ups, many decide to invest their energy seeing these shows since they feel a feeling of having a place when watching the shows . For preschoolers, shows, for example, Sesame Street, Barney, and Teletubbies have been made. A considerable lot of these shows are extremely instructive, yet it has been demonstrated that most youngsters learn snappier with hands-on-preparing. Youngsters are bound to adapt additionally by talking. Youngsters can?t address the TV; accordingly, their folks must be his/her educators, however this requires time from the guardians. Numerous guardians don?t have the opportunity to spend conversing with their kids, they are either grinding away, or they think they have something more significant than their kids, yet what can be a higher priority than your child?s instruction and improvement. Guardians must require significant investment from their difficult day to invest energy with their youngsters, take them to the recreation center or simply go out into the terrace and get it done. Instructive shows, for example, The Magic School Bus, have been created for young kids. This is an extre mely enlightening show and it considers children to investigate. Noton?s World is an awesome case of this likewise, in light of the fact that he performs analyses and discusses science and math during his show. Shows, for example, kid's shows aren?t instructive; nonetheless, they can be extremely engaging for these youngsters. There are likewise appears, for example, The Alyson?s Sisters, which manages ordinary events that identify with them. These twins fall into this age gathering and the show discusses things that transpire during and outside of school. For example, the show discusses their first date, first move, first kiss, first sweetheart, Etc. We will compose a custom exposition on Television Is The Downfall Of Our Society explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now For youngsters, shows, for example, The Fresh Prince, Boy Meets World, Hang Time, Sister, Family Matters, and Change of Heart are being appeared on T.V. These shows for the most part are appeared after 3:00 p.m. or on the other hand during the end of the week when young people are out of school. Youngsters watch these shows since they can identify with the characters. These characters experience very similar things that youngsters experience. Now and then, they wish that they could experience those marvelous things that happen to those anecdotal characters. Notwithstanding, shows like the Jerry Springer Show, aren?t or shouldn?t be viewed by adolescents, since it powers a method of being and thinking into their brains. In the event that you have ever viewed the Jerry Springer Show, you don?t need to be a visitor, or you generally state that won?t transpire. In any case, these days, a ton of adolescents are doing things that are found in syndicated programs like the Jerry Springer Sho w, since they think it?s right, since they saw it on T.V., yet it isn?t right. Dramas, and shows, for example, The Pretender, ER, Hercules, Zena, Family Feud, Love and Marriage, Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, and Talk appears, for example, Oprah, Sally, and Ricki Lake are appeared for the grown-ups. Be that as it may, numerous youngsters and kids likewise watch these shows. There are numerous contrasts between these shows since they all accentuation on something other than what's expected. Dramas are much the same as films, yet these go on for eternity. Syndicated programs in some cases can be instructive, for mindfulness, individual stories, design, or reunions; it just relies upon what the watchers of that show are increasingly inspired by. A portion of these shows are simply appears, just films, and an account of a few people that continues onward; nonetheless, they are not the same as Soap Operas since Soap Operas are anecdotes about a wide range of characters, not one story. Shows, for example, the Family Feud, are down shows, yet can be instructive simult aneously. There are various kinds of shows being seen by America on TV. Everything relies upon the individual viewing, and what he decides to watch. Every individual has the chance to watch whatever the individual in question needs to watch. This is the reason channels were made. On the off chance that you don?t need to watch a show, change the channel. Also, guardians take your youngsters out. Perhaps since we stare at the TV so much, we also have gotten overweight, the same number of Americans have. Social Issues

Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Task - Essay Example Because of the presentation of Garnier item, shading has delivered 1.4 billion dollars estimation of huge business. Individuals running from 18-24 years are essentially focused by the item. Because of the Garnier presentation, retailers have felt great concerning the hair classification future. Garnier has indicated a very much fabricated substitute the worldwide market by getting a ton of benefit. The deals of the Olay Regenerist Micro-chiseling cream saturate in the Australian market is $15. Likewise, the Superstructure cream goes for $15. Numerous Garnier Skin Naturals Youthful Radiance Multi-activity Night creams are evaluated at $8 in the Australian market while the majority of the Nivea Visage items are been sold at $10. It is one of the fruitful healthy skin items on the planet right now. Garnier is solid and has an all around fabricated brand name that is broadly known all inclusive. Then again, Garnier for the most part puts more weight on the characteristic appeal of people. By utilizing famous people in advertising of Garnier, it has empowered it to be a solid brand in the market. Quality of the item is the acceptable money related foundation of the organization that leads in the promoting of the item. The items gave by the Garnier Company are not troublesome when utilizing them and great quality execution is accomplished from the item. As indicated by drugstore (2012), one of the garnier’s items named Fructis keeps the hair from having end parts. Then again, the item amplifies sparkle on the hair. The Fructis goes on and secures the hair against any harm. It is likewise attempting to refresh the dispatch of its items every once in a while. The item then again has lighting up activities t hat are reviving to every one of its clients (drugstore, 2012). During its dispatch in the market, the item has attempted to safeguard advertise initiative in skin and hair magnificence items. Clients have been served effectively and Garnier has attempted to be a market chief with

Assessment of risk management perceptions and practices of Essay

Evaluation of hazard the board recognitions and practices of development contractual workers in Saudi Arabia - Essay Example ) of Participants List of Figures Figure 1 †Risk Classification Figure 2 †Research Design Acknowledgment I need to specify and offer gratitude to the individuals who have given assistance and motivation in making this paper. To Mr. _________ for permitting me to utilize a portion of his bits of knowledge and for offering recommendations; To my loved ones for the help during a period that I nearly needed to surrender; And in conclusion, to Almighty God, for conceding me the opportunity to utilize reality to make life energizing and testing, and understudy life worth recollecting. Substance Title Page No. Creator Declaration †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 2 Abstract †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 List of Ta bles †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 List of Figures †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 Acknowledgement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 Chapter 1 Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 1.1 Significance of the Study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 1.2 Problem Statement †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 1.3 Aim of the Research †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦,,. 10 1.4 Objectives †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 1.5 Justification †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 10 Chapter 2 Methodology †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 12 2.1 Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 12 2.2 The Methods... This paper will dive on the huge writing on chance administration, ideas and meaning of hazard the executives, chance evaluation, and ideas and speculations of significant worth administration and worth building as presented and rehearsed in Saudi Arabia development Industry. Overall development industry declined in execution due to globalization factors and the presentation of advancements. A few components incorporate powerless administration, presentation of new innovation, acrid connections among partners, and solid rivalry. The development blast in Saudi Arabia was activated by the disclosure of oil and the government’s choice to distribute a major aggregate of the financial plan to development of structures, air terminals, medical clinics and other government structures. The Saudi development industry is currently one of the biggest on the planet. It is evaluated in 2005 that the business came to $35 billion. Be that as it may, in 2006, figures arrived at a faltering $50 billion. The Saudi Ministry of Planning revealed that in 2000, the development business represented 30-40% of the economy, the second greatest offered by a non-oil segment. The Oxford Business Group revealed that the measure of $300 billion was poured in to the economy through different development projects. The industry contributed a lot to the expansion in the Saudi total national output. In 2005, GDP rose to SR767,749 Million (1$= 3.75SR), and from this 6.7% was ascribed to development, a sum coming to SR51,446 million. The development for development arrived at a degree of 6% in 2005.

The Nature of Power in Looking for Richard Richard III - Literature Essay Samples

The nature of power within Looking for Richard both reflects that which is represented in Richard III and extends or alters it to be incorporated into a modern context, appropriate for a wider, contemporary audience. Richard III is a Shakespearian play set at the end of the War of the Roses, where a dramatic shift of power had just occurred, and the ascent of Richard to the throne had begun. Written in Elizabethan times, power is not only reflected historically and dramatically, but also socially and politically in terms of context, as Calvinism was the ideology accepted at the time. Looking for Richard, directed by Al Pacino and released in 1996, is a self-proclaimed ‘docu-drama’, aimed at introducing Shakespeare, specifically Richard III, into modern society and to make it relevant, significant and accessible some four hundred years after the play was written. Using scenes from the play and incorporating modern interpretations Pacino offers both Shakespeare’s re presentation of power, his own and that of society, to connect past to present and present new forms of power that is seen in today’s predominantly secular society. Within both texts the power of the individual and their motives is focused on in relation to audience and context, and extended in Looking for Richard to be relevant to modern society. The pursuit of power is a theme that transcends time, and is therefore a major theme reflected in both texts. Richard’s journey to the throne is reflective of all of humanity’s greed, and is still relevant to modern society. At the time that Richard III was written and performed, the government was in the form of a monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth I as the autocratic ruler. She had an immense amount of individual power, controlling what could and couldn’t be published and performed, therefore influencing the writing of Richard III itself. As Richard III is historically Elizabeth’s enemy, painting him as the Herod-tyrant Machiavel that Shakespeare does not only create a better situation for the monarchy, but also produces an intricate character through which one is better able to understand the nature of power. In Looking for Richard, Richard’s power is physicalised by him carrying around a riding crop, symbolic of his autocratic power, making it clear to modern audiences of his position, with his inner power over his words and actions made external despite his physical deformity. Pacino also plays on his past roles as characters such as ‘Scarface’ and ‘the Godfather’ to reflect Hollywood’s interest with the dark villain, a clear parallel between what Shakespeare created. In both texts the audience’s perception of the power dynamics is very important, and the audience’s opinion itself is somewhat represented within the texts. In Act two scene three of the play, citizens of the kingdom discuss their own views on the state of the monarchy, connecting it to the audience, and helping to gain power over them by encouraging them to believe their fellow contemporaries. A citizen states the opinion that Shakes peare hopes to generate within the people themselves, and displays their fear of Richard’s power, saying â€Å"When great leaves fall, then winter is at hand;/When the sun sets, who doth not look for night?†. This is an extended metaphor, relating the season to characters: the leaves referring to Margaret and her prophecy, winter referring to Richard, the sun setting to Edward’s death and night representative of the anarchy the citizens expect to see from Richard as their monarch. This shows he holds great power, as the people believe he has the potential to plunge their newly peaceful kingdom into one of great unrest. The use of nature also produces a sense of foreboding and unease. In Looking for Richard, power over the audience through the people is also a vital element of the production. Like Richard tries to win the people over, so does Pacino, when throughout the film he adds cuts of him using handheld camera’s to heckle passersby on the streets, the average person, to further entice the audience mainly comprised of the average American. Pacino himself has individual power as he is a well-known actor, using this quality to help educate others. Richard is known as a character with many sides, and Pacino becomes an extra embodiment of one of Richard’s ‘personas’, as Pacino uses method acting to try and understand Richard as a character, allowing him to extend his power within the play reenactments, in the real-life scenes and among the people. He uses a combination of medium’s and processes within the film to appeal to a wide audience, altering Shakespeare’s original power dynamics to fit a modern context. Individual p ower is greatly affected by gender, and representation of the power of women differs vastly between the texts, as their role within Looking for Richard exaggerates them as a mere object for obtaining power both within the play and among the audience. In Richard III, the women serve not only to demonstrate Richard’s power, but also to provide the voice of providentialism and that of the morally correct, whereas this is underplayed in Richard III in favor of sexualization, and the power one can obtain from this, to focus on the dynamics within the character of Richard himself. Trying to get to the core of the character requires certain alterations, and understanding Richard and his motives is one of the major purposes of the undertaking of Pacino’s project. In coherence with the Calvinistic ideologies of the time, Shakespeare presents the women as the force for providentialism, in contrast to Richard who believes in the power of free will. They play an interesting role, as though they are considered powerless compared to the men, they exhibit prophetic power, out of control to the men that intend to control the women themselves. Their emotive force elevates them to a position that is powerful in terms of controlling the audience’s thoughts. Only when the women come into view do we really see the emotional reality and toll of this politically volatile situation. Margaret, the prior Queen, whose husband has been killed by Richard in the War of the Roses, plays a role which reflects the belief in divine will and the supernatural, cursing Richard and his actions through the use of biblical allusion and seasonal metaphor to portray her character as vengeful, and as trying to correct the wrong. Using her power of prophecy she asks â€Å"If heaven have and grievous plague in store/†¦/Oh, let them keep it till thy sins be ripe†, alluding to the ten plagues that was set upon the Egyptians during the persecution of the Israelites, connecti ng Richard to a murderous tyrant that will deserve God’s punishment in his afterlife, and foreshadowing future events. Her ripening imagery, again an element of the extended seasonal metaphor, also connects her to Autumn, often associated with times of change, as opposed to Richard with Winter, and King Edward with Summer, demonstrating how Margaret plays an almost equally powerful role within the play. Throughout the play there are also parallels to the Resurrection plays, which involve female triads performing actions revolving around Jesus’ tomb. The appearance of the so-called ‘Three Mary’s’, being Elizabeth, the Duchess of York and Anne, gives them power in the sense that religion was a prominent part of society at the time and represented the all-powerful and divine force. This also gives them power over the Shakespearian audience, as their appearances during the falling action of the play, and their prophecies coming true persuades viewers of Richard’s evil nature and of the triumph of God and morality over all that Richard stands for. As the three Mary’s are at the ‘tomb’ (the Tower of London) they generate sympathy for the audience by showing pity for themselves and each other as a result of Richard’s crimes, Anne commenting on how â€Å"Within so small a time, [her] woman’s heart/ Grossly grew captive to his honey words†. The use of alliteration and imagery not only emphasizes her naivety, but makes the audience sympathetic to her, therefore giving her power, as she is only a pitiful, meek young woman who’s been exploited by Richard, whilst simultaneously demonstrating her powerlessness within the play itself. The power dynamic’s among the genders within Looking for Richard has taken as very different approach to that of Shakespeare. Whilst Pacino uses them to add a perspective and to create some form of sympathy, his focus isn’t on the portrayal of what is right or wrong by God but on sexual power. Pacino placing focus on exploring Richard’s motivations and rise to power diminishes the role of the females. Within the scene where Richard woos Lady Anne, Pacino sexualizes Anne, objectifying her to show Richard’s power over her. This is shown in both the play re-enactment segments and the seemingly ‘real world’ situations, portraying Winona Ryder, the actor for Lady Anne, as subservient and meek, true to her character. Pacino earlier states that he wants to cast someone â€Å"very young†, in order to serve his purpose of heightening Richard’s individual power, and to bring it into a modern context. In today’s society, sexualizatio n is a common tool used to gain power over an audience and persuade them of something. As society is now secular, there is more freedom and less censorship, giving Pacino the room he needed to transform a play heavily influenced by it’s Elizabethan context and harsh censorship laws into something that be used to explore the concept of sexual power, rather than to spread what could be seen as Tudor propaganda. The use of film and modern cinematic techniques helps the process of making it accessible to modern contexts, and is useful in creating parallels between the play and the modern world, such as in the scenes with Richard/Anne and Pacino/Ryder. The fact that he cast Winona Ryder, vastly seen as desirable, entices the viewer to be wooed along with Anne and aids in her objectification. This sexualization is notably seen when, instead of following the original script and have Richard and Anne part with formal farewell’s, he has the two characters passionately kiss, sho wing the power Richard has to make Anne succumb to him. Using ‘MTV cuts’, Pacino is able to cut from this to a hand-held camera, showing a close-up of Winona turning to Pacino for security. Later, Frederic Kimball interrupts Ryder to mock her to emphasize his superiority over her. The use of side lighting and camera angles turning away reinforces Anne/Ryder as being subservient. This is juxtaposed to a shot of Pacino outside later yelling and laughing â€Å"I’ll have her, but I will not keep her long†, further objectifying Anne as a mere stepping stone to the throne, similar to the play, but now associated with Anne as a sexual conquest rather than a wife. Between these two texts, the forms and contexts greatly affect the way in which power based on gender is represented, and the effect the roles of women have in each. When trying to appeal to their respective audiences, the way in which this power is shown is very different, as even though the theme of po wer is constant, the ways in which it are seen and embodied in society is largely a product of the times. Within the texts Richard III and Looking for Richard, many parallel exists in terms of the nature of power, however, due to the freedom of being produced in a modern context, Pacino is able to further the representation of power, by introducing multiple interpretations. Through the power of the individual, the audience and power differences between the genders, both texts are able to produce connected yet individual perceptions, from which the wider audience can judge. Looking for Richard incorporates much of the power dynamics that the play does, but is able to omit, alter or add to it to better fit a modern context, offering new insights into power itself, which we can analyse and compare through the texts.

Strategies For Combat Climate Change - 1923 Words

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In order to correct these issues government use methods such as inequality, externalities and public goods. This restores efficiency as well as increasing the economic well being of society. The environment is accessible by every individual as it is non-excludable. Thus, meaning that no one can be prohibited from using it and one person’s use diminishesRead MoreMemo Summary938 Words   |  4 PagesSummary of the Memo This memorandum provides a summary of the environmental and political background of Ontario’s greenhouse gas emissions. It specifies the varying impacts of climate change as a result of increases in GHG emissions and gives examples of how and where these impacts are being felt in Canada. As a large contributor to Canada’s overall GHG emissions, Ontario should provide regulations and policies to mitigate these emissions. A variety of policy instruments will be examined to determine

Analysis Of The Garden Of Death By Hugo Simberg - 1142 Words

In this essay the 1896 watercolour and gouache version of The Garden of Death by Hugo Simberg will be discussed and analysed from three methodological art history perspectives: Biographically-based art history, Erwin Panofsky’s 3-stage method of pre-iconographic, iconographic and iconology, and Reception theory. The limits of these art histories will each be demonstrated. To begin, a biographically-based art history on Hugo Gerhard Simberg, who was born in 1873 in the Finnish town of Hamina. At the age of 18 he enrolled in the Drawing School of the Viipuri Art Association and two years later the School of the Finnish Arts Association where he met Akseli Gallen-Kallela (1865–1931), a Symbolist artist whom Simberg later studied under.†¦show more content†¦But upon closer inspection these areas are tied into the picture through the use of bits of yellow and blue on their white, reflected from the colours near the specific white area, for example the middle white area has blue reflected on it from the blue dots closest to it. The three figures are placed at strategic points so a diagonal line can be drawn to connect where they are standing, giving a sense of balance to the picture, though the true centre of the picture does not focus on anything in particular. The second stage is an iconographic analysis where â€Å"the viewer identi fies the image as a known story or recognisable character.† This allows the viewer to read deeper into the meaning of the artwork through the analysis of symbols which have preassigned meanings. The environment in this artwork can now be identified as a garden and the three figures related to death as they are skeletons. Whether they are each a personification of death, with the purpose of taking life, or simply a depiction of the souls of those who have died might change how the viewer understands the environment they are depicted in. The black cloak the skeletons wear is similar to that of the Grim Reaper, a

Dave Barry free essay sample

After women were liberated, those roles were disrupted and women became viewed as more qualified to take on those more masculine responsibilities. At first, one can imagine that men might have felt their definite masculinity slipping away from them and been insulted, but as time has passed that pride has subsided and men are now giving in to the new role women play in society, or as Barry implies, men have not only succumbed to this, but have gotten lazy. I disagree that the balance of responsibility between men and women is weighted more heavily on women due to mens passive or lazy tendencies because especially in a family situation, there are too many variables for the blame to rest on just one gender. There certainly are circumstances where, especially in a household, passiveness or laziness is the driving force behind imbalance of roles between men and women. However, this is interchangeable when it comes to gender. We will write a custom essay sample on Dave Barry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example, my very own parents fit the stereotype Barry creates in reverse. Both of my parents cook, but my father is the chef. My mother has her few special dishes that she’ll repeatedly cook and we do enjoy, but my father is always in charge of the specialty concoctions. My dad does the grocery shopping which he takes on after a full day of work, buys more groceries than we need and while attempting and failing to put them away due to lack of room, proceeds to clean the kitchen, which leads to cleaning the living room, garage, office and anything else his to do list of a brain can think up. My mother is perfectly capable of these tasks, but allows my dad to work himself. Whether that is because getting in my dad’s way when he’s on a mission is dangerous in itself, or because she simply knows he’ll do the work so she doesn’t have to, I can’t say for sure, but after years of marriage my mother has turned from staying out of his way to passively leaving him to take on a heaping plate of responsibility, that could easily be divided up and passed on out. This family dynamic has absolutely nothing to do with women’s liberation or gender in general; it is merely circumstance that is created by individuals in a unique situation. Though Barry makes a humorous point about the truth behind the stereotype of men, he does not consider the vast amount of variables that can affect this stereotype. As much as I’d like to agree that men are useless, that kind of broad generalization is not truth or fact by any means and therefore I cannot. I have seen firsthand not only the reverse of his example, but a complicated mixture. The roles of men and women are swapped, shared and separated depending on the situation, the individual and the dynamics of certain relationships, not solely on stereotypical gender roles.

Intel China Essay Example

Intel China Essay What are the reasons for Lis behavior? Yong Li, one of the AM’s for the firm has already achieved a certain extent of success within the primary focus of Intel’s strategy to develop connections and associations with the clients in his account base. Li is conscious to the fact that his accomplishments as an Intel ambassador is unquestionable and consequently to bring in additional value to his role he has placed effort, time and plan to one of the individual projects he has undertaken to self improvise and take a comprehensive approach to the detailing of the particular project. Li is self driven to achieve stiff targets that he sets out for himself, however the decision received from Tang’s office to scrap out the project indirectly through Qing Chen after two months of effort was taken into account as an insult to his calibre and competence. Li experienced an instant disengagement with his immediate supervisor and manager as he felt that his hard work, overall performance and the effort placed in his long term approach in the project was disregarded without any deliberation by the new heads of the division. 2. What are the roles of Chinese and Western cultures in these events? We will write a custom essay sample on Intel China specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Intel China specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Intel China specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The case study presents a perspective of the underlying troubles within China Intel Corporation management styles that is flanked between a western corporate functioning and eastern philosophies deterring a smooth management change process and raising questions on decision making and directing people towards a common goal of the company. Charles Tang originally a native from China has recently moved back from US as Intel’s new marketing head; however the employees and officials view him as a young expatriate who is unfamiliar with the â€Å"ways of the place†. Initially Tang in his interactions with the Chinese officials was undetermined as his direct responses held no weight in confidence. Tang soon learnt that his style of answering in a straight forward fashion without taking time to contemplate on the reactions was not accepting into the Chinese culture. He established credibility as he adapted a new stroke change by means of asking for additional background information and time for his boss to make the final decision. However Tang interaction with his team was guided by Intel’s professional code of conduct policy on the â€Å"disagree and commit† philosophy. When Tang made a decision to restructure and streamline the team assignments in order to advance Intel China strategic objective, he received Yong Li’s extreme emotional reaction of â€Å"losing face† which signified impairment between the relationships of the two parties. As a senior manager, Tang witnesses the effect of on the organizational culture imparted from an employees change in behaviour due to his decision. In the face of this issue, Tang has called for a joint meeting to resolve the issue as he internally believes an open discussion will take care of the grievance; however he faces the pressure to deliver consistent decision making behaviour at his seniority level. The clash of ideologies within Tang is caused by his personal style adopted in the west of dealing and understanding people in an open style and the new strategic responsibilities he must adhere and prioritise for the company to succeed. The case study does not elaborate much about Qing Chen, the new departmental manager’s role in the company. Qing Chen as per instructions has conveyed the decision to discontinue the project in an autocratic manner to Yong Li. However her role as an immediate supervisor does not end with relaying information only and she is required to perform a strategic and active role involved in understanding daily operations of the team and directing them accordingly in order to bridge the gap between the senior management’s vision and the AM’s roles towards the goal. 3. How would you have handled the situation with Li? Would there have been a way to save face? In this scenario being considered an expatriate, every action taken as per the need of the role is viewed prejudice. Hence the challenge before leading the employees to perform their goals must involve building trust and confidence amongst both the parties involved. Charles Tang at his level is set out to make strategic decisions and cannot be completely involved in micro management; however his subordinate Qing Chen must be delegated to be actively involved in the daily operations and also understand the team’s including Yong Li’s disposition at work, general attitudes, team dynamics, ethnic background and aspirations. As this situation has lead to one of the crucial performer’s of the team â€Å"losing face†, it is necessary for Charles Tang to address the entire AM team in a forum to articulate Intel’s strategic goals and reiterate that contributions at work are valued however they must be focused towards achieving the common objective of Intel. At this stage the company’s â€Å"disagree and commit† philosophy must be revisited to make the team members aware of it. He must emphasize that the team’s direct contact and daily updates with Qing Chen must be adhered. At the end Tang must appreciate the top performers of the team and announce his plans to reassess existing projects as per the strategy. The one on one meeting with Yong Li must be directed carefully to avoid any emotional hijack of the decision already taken. However the main intention of the meeting is to build back the Yong Li’s confidence and reinstate his credibility by understanding his point of view on the scope of the project. In case during the review, new light is thrown upon the importance, range and feasibility of the project, Charles Tang may be required to revisit his decision and set deadlines for the project. Simultaneously, Qing Chen must be part of the review and the AM’s must be instructed on giving regular updates to her. Likewise she must be individually explained on her accountability towards the team’s performance and updates. 4. What must Intel do in China if it wishes to attract and keep the best and brightest employees? An American multinational company such as Intel to coexist and excel in china must first understand how Chinese administration and work philosophy differs from American corporate culture. To manage potential cross cultural conflict, global managers like Tang must be equipped with skills to be gain insightful knowledge on the nuances of the Chinese culture in order to bring out the best in people. Secondly, as per Intel’s philosophy to encourage innovation the company believes in encouraging dissent through the â€Å"disagree and commit philosophy†. However encouraging disagreement to advance effectiveness under no circumstances implies distortion of the reporting lines. Hence the corporate power structure must be restored through the vertical managerial hierarchy. As the top brass of the management is intensely involved in organising and developing programs locally and combining its expertise through global integration, simultaneously overseeing the administration of the account managers by the supervisors must not be overlooked. To improve the reporting lines between the supervisors and the account managers, the supervisors must be empowered to make decisions with a broader scope of authority. In this case, the supervisor must have their ears to the ground to listen to various ideas and strategies from the employees through which a constant engagement and regular performance progress track report is maintained. To strive towards the vision of the company, improving internal communications within the organisation may be considered. Encouraging and applauding good ideas at work through a transparent and fair system similar to an incentive or recognition program may be devised to build a corporate culture to support continuous innovation within the company.

Convincing your boss to let you work from home (template included)

Convincing your boss to let you work from home (template included) Thanks to innovations in technology in recent years, the work world is changing at breakneck speed- and many of these changes are affecting how we perform our jobs on a daily basis. One big change involves where we do our jobs- everything from new teleconferencing apps like GoToMeeting to advances in mobile computing have made it possible for many of us to successfully do our jobs from anywhere, including work from home. Some progressively minded companies have really embraced this option, and are allowing their employees more flexible schedules that include a work from home option. This can be a real perk for current and prospective employees, and it can also benefit the companies as well- lost time spent getting ready for work and commuting often gets regained and poured into being more productive and employees who are empowered with a work from home option are often more enthusiastic and motivated on the job.Other companies, for one reason or another, have been more reluctant to a llow their employees a work from home option- with the unfortunate result being that both employers and employees fail to benefit from the opportunity.Do you work for a company that hasn’t yet embraced working from home? If so, there may be a way to convince the powers-that-be to consider making a change. What’s the secret to getting your boss to be open to this possibility? It’s no secret- in fact, it’s a well-known strategy and it’s one that’s been proven effective whenever the goal is to convince someone of the merits of a new business idea: you use clear and convincing logic, backed up by substantiated evidence, to make a compelling case. Be sure not to make the primary focus of the request about how this benefits you, but instead how it could potentially benefit the entire company.When you decide to talk to your boss in an attempt to convince them to let you work from home, choose your time and method of communication wisely.Is your bos s in a better mood at the beginning of the week on a Monday or at the end of the week on a Friday? Is the beginning of the day or the end of the day the best time frame?Does your boss prefer face-to-face discussions or are they more open and responsive to emails? Stating your case via email may be a smart option, as having your points laid out in writing will allow them to be reviewed and re-reviewed by your boss as needed as they work towards making a decision.The following is a sample email that you can use as a guide to help you prepare for your conversation with your boss:Hi [Boss’s name],  I’ve been thinking about ways to help boost efficiency at work and I came across this interesting data about the benefits of allowing employees to work from home: http://globalworkplaceanalytics.com/resources/costs-benefits.I know you’re busy, so I pulled out some of the key points:   It improves overall employee satisfactionIt helps reduce employee attrition and turn overIt reduces unscheduled employee absencesIt can help increase employee motivation and productivityIt can help reduce office/administrative costsIt’s a good perk when trying to attract new talentPerhaps a pilot program might be a good way to test this- I’d be more than willing to take part. If it goes well, we can look at a wider rollout? I’m happy to discuss this further, thank you for taking the time to consider this.Best wishes,[Your name]This sample email is short, sweet, and direct, and provides compelling information to help convince your boss to at least consider trying this out. It’s focused on ways to help the company overall (not just you), which will make you look good. And it’s polite and professional, which are definitely helpful when you’re trying to be convincing at work. But of course, you know your boss best, so feel free to adapt this email accordingly to your boss and situation. Hopefully, with a little effort and luck, you can convince your boss to let you try working from home.

Renewable energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Renewable energy - Essay Example energy is energy generated from resources that are naturally refilled on a human timescale such as rain, geothermal heat, waves, sun, and wind (Harvey and Brown 41). The cost of generating hydropower is low making it the most preferable source of the world’s renewable energy. Further, hydroelectric plants are said to have long economic lives with some plants having the ability to be in service for over 50 years. The cost of operation is not high since plants are automated and have few people on site during normal operations. In addition, hydro energy is more flexible source of power or electricity because plants can be ramped or inclined up and down to adapt to transforming energy needs. Once a hydropower dam is constructed, the project generates no direct waste to the ecosystem and has low production of greenhouse gases than fossil fuels (Somma 46). It is vital to note that many nations recommend energy sources such as hydropower, wind and sun because they do not emit any harmful chemicals and gases such as carbon dioxide and it is not a major contributor to global warming via carbon dioxide. Energy source such as hydropower is a renewable source of energy or power because rivers and streams are naturally available. Further, hydropower is not expensive as compared to energy produced from nuclear energy or fossil fuels. The advantage of hydroelectric reservoirs is that they are able to tackle daily, seasonal, and peak loads. For instance, when the demand of electric falls, the reservoirs or dams store water while some installed electricity generators are used to store excess energy (Harvey and Brown 33). Biofuel production revolves around the fact that biofuel is a renewable source of energy. Biofuels have a source material and unlike oil, which often takes thousands of years for the fossil fuels to be produced, the biofuels are renewable because new crops can often be grown and the waste material collected for production of oil. Biofuel production has helped

Letter to an Editor of the Campus Newspaper Essay - 1

Letter to an Editor of the Campus Newspaper - Essay Example It was not so much the revision of my own thoughts but revising my expression of them. Argumentative submissions and genre interpretation is always difficult because my writing is subjective. I can distinctly recall worrying about â€Å"coming across† the right way. I think that there is a line between conveying your message and censuring it for the eyes of others so I was always careful to not cross it. I find that in the argumentative process, I become easily lost which demonstrated my total lack of discipline. Thus my first decision was to make a concerted effort to not inject myself too much into my argument. I had a problem identifying my audience for the genre translation and as a result found myself consistently revising but to what end? Ultimately I would begin again and again because I kept identifying different targets and it took quite some time before I came to the realization that the interpretation could be generally applied. 2. Describe the rhetorical situation as you see it for both your argument paper and your genre translation. Be sure to discuss both audience and purpose for both documents. A rhetorical situation is far easier to convey when it is applied to an argument because the sense of urgency is raised by the issue being argued. The audience is hopefully automatically compelled by the tone and terms of the issues presented in the argument itself. Moreover, one tends to become personally involved in their arguments which also is revealed in their writing. An argument is an attempt to convince whereas genre translation is equally subjective, but without the force or conviction behind it. I find that the audience and purpose of genre translation is far harder to convey than that of the argument. Argument is an imperative whereas genre interpretation seems to be an attempt to bridge a gap without conviction. With genre interpretation it is difficult to contemplate whom it is that

Religious and Ethnic Groups Paper Essay Example for Free

Religious and Ethnic Groups Paper Essay Mahayana Buddhism is considered to be a emanation or illusion of the highest power which is referred to as Buddha. They also believe that there has been many Buddhas on earth and in the whole universe. There are 3 bodies (forms) of Buddha: 1, Body of essence. The indescribable, impersonal absolute reality, or ultimate truth that is nirvana (infinite bliss). 2, Body of bliss or enjoyment, Buddha as divine, deity, formless, celestial spirit with saving power of grace, omnipotence. 3, body of transformation or emanation. An illusion or emanation in human form provided by the divine Buddha to guide humans to enlightenment. Anyone can achieve Buddha hood and those who choose this path to help others to become liberated are worshipped as gods or saints to some. Mahayana Buddhists believe that when you die, one becomes selflessness resulting in ultimate bliss known as the deathless state and doesnt believe in literal rebirth. They extinguish themselves from all worldly cravings, desires and attachments, through loving- kindness, compassion, charity, moral conduct, wisdom and meditation. Mahayana Buddhism deferrers from many religions. Christianity being one. Christians believe that there is only one god (not several) and there is life after death in heaven where all is good. Jesus is Gods son who was sent to earth by god to become human and live amongst us which was in human form. Hinduism is a dominate religion of the Indian subcontinent. When I think of Buddhism I think a foreign religion from another country but there in America and many other countries. As a matter of fact, Buddhism is one of the largest religions in the United States following Christianity, Judaism and nonreligious and close to being equal with Islam and Hinduism. Most Buddhism are Asian Americans. Its estimated there are around 1.2 million and 40% of them live is Southern California. The Mahayana Buddhist are not supposed to discriminate and usually they hold true to that if they are a TRUE Buddhist. Thats not to say that Americans dont discriminate against them. In February 2011 the Lao-Buddhist Association attempted to open a temple in Olathe Kansas but was denied. Residents said that the location was zoned for residential only. Christian churches are located in residential neighborhoods all over the country so Buddhists are saying its discrimination against their religion. Another instant of discrimination on them took place in Southern California. Buddhist wanted to put in a worship center but the government rejected it and said there isnt enough room but later built a mall there. The Buddhist people sued them saying it was discrimination on their religion. In America we have the right to express our religion but the government and prejudice people are making that amendment more and more difficult for some religions. Before I researched this religion, I knew nothing about it or the people. I know have a much better understanding what they believe in and how they live. They are a very peaceful and caring religion and people should be educated about them before they judge them. Part 2 Racial/ethnic groups: I chose Hispanic and Latino descend. Hispanics differ from white people in many different ways. Their way of life, language, and all around culture. They seem to get singled out by many races due to the overwhelming illegal entry into the states. It doesnt seem to matter it they are here illegally or not, they are all looked at the same by certain people. They are stereo typed all the time for stealing jobs and collecting welfare not to mention healthcare. A lot of them are working in the states under the table and sending the majority of their money earned back to their families in Mexico. The money made is not spent here to help benefit our economy. Hispanics are discriminated against often. I think Americans feel like they are paying a lot in taxes to help them financially when they should focus the help on legal Americans that actually pay their taxes. Employment is another reason behind the discrimination. In the landscape, nursery and construction trade, they seem to be taking over a lot of these positions because its cheaper labor but it still takes work away from legal Americans. After researching this topic I have learned that Hispanics have too many sources that are offered to them when legal Americans could use it more since we spend our money here in taxes. Comparing my racial and religious groups I can see how they are somewhat similar. Both struggle to find a place where they can be accepted. http://www.beliefnet.com/Faiths/Buddhism/Galleries/What-Do-Mahayana-Buddhists-Believe.aspx?b=1p=10 http://prezi.com/onqasvrjg9ey/discrimination-against-buddhism/

Radiation in Cellular Phones Essays -- Technology Research Essays

Radiation in Cellular Phones Introduction: The use of cellular phones is an ever-increasing necessity. With this growing usage comes the customer concern of the safety of the product. You see, cellular telephones are known to emit low levels of radiofrequency energy in the microwave range when in use. This is the same type of radiation found in household microwaves. Even more significant, the cellular telephones emit the same type of low level radiofrequency (RF) while in standby mode. This indicates that being exposed to the RF does not require the phone to be in use, just that it is nearby. The concern, however, is with "the kind that have a built-in antenna that is positioned close to the user's head during normal telephone conversation... because of the short distance between the phone's antenna -- the primary source of the RF -- and the person's head" (FDA). Thus, there are many ethical issues that need to be considered. How Does a Mobile Call Work Anyway? Basically, the person using the cellular phone makes a call. This is transmitted via low energy radio signals to the nearest tower owned by your service provider. The call can now do either one of two things. If the person on the other end is on a landline, the call is then transferred to them via telephone cables. However, if the other person is on a cellular phone as well, the process is reversed. The signal is sent from the service provider to the nearest antenna site from the receiving person. Professional Issues:  · the cellular phone companies are already making a LOT of money in developing and selling these phones  · cellular phones make it convenient for EVERYONE to keep in contact with each other  · cellular phones... ...s from their current customers, but they will also lose business from prospective buyers. Not fixing the phones and essentially denying that there is a problem, they are sending the message that they don’t care about concerns regarding their product until concrete find factual evidence. They are taking the slippery route in that the outcome can still be that they would have to replace the phones as in the first route. This negative image is definitely what the companies need, ethically as well as business wise. Final Decision: Therefore, my final decision is to take the safe and ethical route, which is to recall all cellular telephones and either fix or replace them to the standards that is not only expected from the public, but also from the government. This action would project a positive image to all of the stakeholders, and is what business is all about.

Australian Paper Mfg

The fourth option Is one that focuses on diminishing the environmental impact of Amp's operations. While the fourth option has merit in alleviating environmental concerns, it does not have a costive financial impact on Amp's operations. AMP created four distinct products that serve the specific needs of four consumer segments. These segments include offset printing, copy paper, taprooms, and recycled paper. The respective segments all offer different contribution margins to Amp's operations and vary greatly in their respective growth in demand over the next six years.The key operational decision is one that affords AMP the flexibility to use additional capacity to meet the growing demands of the most profitable sub-segments of the uncoated fine paper market. Conclusion AMP should choose the option outlined by the group general manager that affords the most flexibility to meet the growing demand in the uncoated fine paper market. That being considered, AMP must also meet the predeterm ined returns required by its parent corporation, Amoco.These targets are required for the release of capital to AMP, and while Amoco has set minimum return thresholds, AMP should strive to create the largest return on investment to its parent company. Option 1, described in the Appendix, satisfies this obligation to Amoco and allows AMP the most flexibility In using Increased capacity. This option also allows AMP to return considerable cash flow over the five year period without overextending Its operations beyond the market demand.Identification Key operations generalness They key operations challenge for AMP is the need to adapt its operations strategy in order to expand its capacity and meet the growing demand in the uncoated fine paper market. AMP is currently at its maximum throughput capacity and must invest considerable capital to expand its operations. The company is contemplating several different courses, each with valid business context, and must ecocide which option allo ws AMP to best meet the growing demand while maintaining and developing further competitive advantages.Operations Strategy Amp's operations strategy focuses on superior customer service and quality compared to its competitors in the fine paper industry. AMP made the decision to enter the uncoated fine paper market in 1987 and used its experience in paperboard manufacturing to Jump start this expansion. As the success of Amp's fine paper production ramped up, the company deemphasized its dependence on the paperboard market. This business decision influenced Amp's operational decision o invest in efficient technology that allowed it better quality and cost advantaged compared to its competitors.Furthermore, AMP opted to vertically integrate its operations to include pulping for non-recycled paper and the collection of used office paper in order to gather raw materials to compete in the recycled paper market. Customer Needs AMP competes to satisfy its customers' needs of quality and en vironmental performance. The company invested considerable resources in state of the art equipment that provides superior fine paper via four distinct offerings: Printing, Darting, CopyRight, and Right.Printing was designed to satisfy the offset printing needs of businesses, Darting was designed to suit form creation, CopyRight was created for everyday copying, and Right was a recycled office paper offering targeted at the environmentally conscious customer. Each of these products met the specific quality standards of its target customers. AMP utilized superior technology that created a higher quality paper than any of its competitors. Amp's investment in more efficient technology also paid off in satisfying the environmental considerations of its customers.The processes and equipment that AMP used rated fewer organogenesis than the old machines and processes of Paper Company of Australia (PICA), Amp's chief competitor. Furthermore, Amp's investment in Right scored the endorsement o f the World Wildlife Fund for its respect for and positive impact on the environment. This coupled with Amp's initiative of the â€Å"AMP Office Paper Chase† (Upton, 1993, p. 13) placed the company well ahead of its competition in terms of satisfying the environmental performance needs of its customers.Business context Tort Immediate Decision The market for uncoated fine paper was projected to grow at a rate of 6. 5% annually for the next ten years. The market for copier paper alone, a sub-segment of uncoated fine paper, was projected to grow at a rate of 10% per year for the next decade. The CEO of AMP stated â€Å"If we sit still, we'll get hurt sometime before the year 2000. Whoever takes the next big step will have it made in Australia†¦ If PICA decides to expand†¦ What will their net increase be† (Upton, 1993, up. 15-16)?In addition to these financial considerations, AMP and the Australian paper market at large continue to face mounting pressure from env ironmental groups that are opposed to any further expansion of the paper industry. Environmentalists have urged paper manufacturers to â€Å"think globally, act locally' (Upton, 1993, p. 16) and to â€Å"reduce first, reuse second, and recycle third† (p. 16). In order to either satisfy the requests of the environmentalists or to contradict their wishes, AMP must make an operational decision sooner rather than later to avoid these mounting pressures.Analysis and Evaluation of Critical Decision Factors Competitive Analysis AMP has quickly established itself as the growing force in the domestic uncoated fine paper market in Australia. Its chief competitor is Paper Company of Australia PICA). PICA dominated the Australian uncoated and coated fine paper market for many years with virtually no domestic competition. Pica's processes and equipment are out-of-date and still rely on machinery that was manufactured in the sass.PICA also forced its customers to purchase its products thr ough merchants, while AMP developed a direct sales approach with customers. The secondary source of competition exists among the imported paper products in the Australian market. Low tariffs allowed for international competitors to enter the market and compete with domestic paper supply. Until AMP opted to enter the uncoated fine paper market, each domestic paper manufacturer in Australia kept to its own markets.Five Forces The rivalry among competing sellers in the fine paper market in Australia is fairly strong because the cost for consumers to switch products is low, the products are weakly differentiated, the competitors are roughly equal in size, many import competitors exist, and there are high exit barriers due to the high fixed costs and capital investments required to enter the fine paper market. The advantages that AMP and PICA benefit from include the rising demand for fine paper in the market ND domestic competition is limited to these two competitors. The threat of pote ntial new competitors is fairly weak in the fine paper market.This is because high barriers to entry exist in the fine paper market, including high economies of scale, experienced-based cost advantages for existing firms, high capital requirements to enter the market, and restrictive environmental policies on paper contest new entrants and the existing members generally stay in their own lanes. The potential risks associated with new entrants to the market include the rapidly growing demand for fine paper and that existing industry members could make operational changes to concentrate on the growing recycled paper segment of the fine paper market.The threat from other firms offering substitute products in the Australian fine paper market is very low. Virtually no substitutes exist for paper, and at this time, the business and personal computer market is Just beginning to take shape. Supplier bargaining power in the Australian fine paper market is also very weak. This is because both AMP and PICA have vertically integrated their operations. AMP controls its own foresting, pulp mills, and paper manufacturing plants. While he foresting areas are limited, AMP has utilized a replanting strategy which creates more trees than it presently uses in its operations.Therefore, there is no need to use outside suppliers for its operations. The bargaining power of buyers is only a moderate risk to AMP and the Australian paper market. Buyers have limited power because the cost of switching products is low and the products are generally undifferentiated. However, the buyers are small and numerous relative to the sellers in the market, buyer's information regarding sellers is limited in quantity and quality, ND buyers are generally not price sensitive in this market because paper purchases are a small part of the total purchases and cost structure of most organizations.STOW Analysts The STOW Analysis for AMP reveals the following: Strengths ; Highest quality domestic paper prod ucts ; Most efficient domestic paper-making technology with customers ; Direct relationships ; Focused products on four distinct customer segments ; Satisfy customer needs of quality and environmental performance ; Part of a larger company (Amoco) with ability to invest capital in growth ; One of only two domestic fine paper manufacturers in country strength in fine paper processes Right paper product Weaknesses ; Expertise in paperboard has translated to ; Endorsement of World Wildlife Fund for ; Relatively new to the fine paper market ; Brands/products not as well-known as heritage market brands Insufficient capacity to meet growing demand ; High expansion costs/capital required ; High fixed costs Opportunities ; AMP Office Paper Chase initiative to gather more recycled paper ; Ability to expand Ana capture greater snare AT growing Tine paper market ; Recycled paper market growing with support of environmentalists Non-chlorine bleaching process technologies available ; PICA is in the corsairs of environmental groups Threats ; Mounting pressure against expansion from environmental groups Possible legislation/litigation against manufacturing processes ; PICA may invest in new technology/opt to expand its operations ; Import competitors may create newer, higher quality, and/or low cost products to gain market share ; New competitors, domestic or international, may enter the market ; Disease that affects trees/replanting efforts Financial Analysis AMP had no presence in the uncoated fine paper market in 1986. I Long-term Uncoated Fine Paper Market in Australia (000 tones) 11986 1 I Category I Forecast I Demand I I Continuous Forms I PICA I Make Share I Imports I I Category I Demand I I Offset Printing 144 178 16 17. 7% I Copier 10 1150 166 144. 0% 1302 195 I I Recycled 131. 5% I 130 123 176. 7% I Total Amp's contribution margin per product is driven first by its recycled paper, then its copier paper, followed by offset printing paper and continuous forms.Copier paper comprises the largest percentage of Amp's manufacturing, followed by offset printing, continuous forms, and recycled paper, respectively. Contribution Margin for AMP in I 11989 I Tones I Produced 117,000 | 28,000 125,000 | 7,000 I Contribution I per tone | $460 1260 1490 1610 I Total Contribution I Share 7820,oho 124. 7% 123. 0% 138. 7% 113. 5% I I Copier I I Total The group general manager of AMP outlined four potential capital projects in the case study. Each of these options and their respective costs relative to the capacity they provide are outlined in the table below. Option 1 provides the best cost per tone AAA t 01 IANAL capacity galena AMP. Upton 3 proposes no allotment capacity Tort I Evaluation of capital expenditures and options I Lipton 1 I I Machine 3 at Marble expanded from 70,000 to 100,000 tones for $MOM I Capacity may be used for expansion of any fine paper product production (installation time) 30,000 additional capacity I I Unknown: Time from investment to I Additional capacity Capital required 1,166. 67 I Price per tone of I Lipton 2 I Fairfield expansion from 7,000 tones to 1 5,000 tones for $MOM I Capacity may be used for expansion of recycled paper 8,000 2,250. 00 I Lipton 3 Investment in technology to reduce organogenesis has no impact on Amp's capacity or throughput respectively, with no return on investmentI Requires $MOM and $MM I | $MOM investment would reduce throughput by 5% I Lipton 4 I I Investment to purchase/ install new paper machine with 150,000 tones capacity for $MOM I I Capacity may be used for expansion of any fine paper product I lunation: cost of new pulp mill associated with this project, return garnered from selling excess pulp capacity, I Demand for coated paper market 1 50,000 I Capital required 2,333. 33 Price per tone AT allotment capacity Alternative Recommendations Option 3 from the financial analysis has been eliminated, as it offers no additional capacity. Because additional capacity represents the lar gest opportunity for AMP, only capital projects that yield greater capacity should be considered at this time. The remaining three options and a combination option are presented in the table in the Appendix. Recommendation and Plan of Action It is recommended that AMP utilizes Option 1 immediately.Option 1 is the only option that provides a near-immediate increase in capacity while satisfying Amos's requirement (Amp's parent company) off 20% rate of return. The first option provides over $32 million in positive net present value and a 36. 1% internal rate of return over the course of the next five years. Option 1 also yields the most flexibility in satisfying the growing demand in the uncoated fine paper market. Option 2 does turn a positive net present value of $1. 8 million for AMP, but only provides a 10. 67% internal rate of return. Because the project only yields an additional 8,000 tones of capacity, it cannot satisfy the rate of return requirements of Amoco.The third option r equires the largest outflow of capital and produces the highest level of capacity. However, market demand is insufficient to Justify this capital expense at this time. This is further supported by the negative net present value and negative rate of return calculations. Option 4 combines the first two options, in which case the combined capacity and capital outlay collectively satisfies the required return for Amoco. However, the net present value and the internal rate of return are lower with the combined option than the first option. Competitive Advantage If AMP acts on the recommendation to move forward with Option 1, it will gain the competitive advantage of capacity.However, even with the added capacity granted y Option 1, AMP can only expect to reach parity with the capacity of PICA. This is supported by Pica's current output of 108,000 tones of uncoated fine paper and Amp's current output of 77,000 tones. With neither domestic competitor in position to take full advantage of t he market's growing demand for uncoated fine paper, which will reach 305,000 tones by 1995, import competitors may gain the largest competitive advantage. ‘s principle competitive advantage In ten market Is ten quality AT Its products Because AMP has invested considerable capital into newer technology than PICA, it is n a better position to continue this domestic lead over its rival.Similarly, Amp's investment in more efficient technology has placed it in a better position to deal with the environmental concerns associated with paper manufacturing. Conversely, Pica's outdated technology and processes create more pollution and have caused it to become the target of environmentalist groups. Impact to Business, Customers, and Competitors If AMP is able to enact Option 1, it stands to gain over $15 million in additional cash flow per year, in addition to $32 million in positive net present value over the course of five years, and a 36. % return on its investment. This increase in capacity will also allow AMP to match the output of the market leader, PICA.The customers of the Australian paper market stand to benefit from Amp's additional capacity in terms of quality, availability, and environmental performance. AMP uses more efficient technology to create higher quality products. The increase in capacity from AMP will allow these products to be available to more consumers. Amp's emphasis on recycled paper manufacturing will also help to satisfy the growing demand in this segment and assuage environmental concerns about increased domestic paper manufacturing PICA will be impacted, at least short term, by the increased capacity created by AMP through the utilization of Option 1. This increased capacity will allow AMP to continue its momentum in gaining market share. However, the uncoated fine paper market is growing quickly.By 1995, even with the utilization of Option 1 by AMP, neither PICA nor AMP will have sufficient capacity to meet the market demand for unc oated fine paper. Therefore, import competition will also have a strong advantage in gaining market share. The only way to prevent the market demand increases from benefiting international competitors is for AMP, PICA, or another domestic competitor to considerably expand capacity and/or enter the uncoated fine paper market. AMP must act quickly to continue its growth in the uncoated fine paper market. The market is expanding rapidly, and with both AMP and PICA operating at full capacity the market is ripe for the company that can create it. Option 1 is the most logical operational choice for AMP that also makes good business sense.Option 1 quickly expands its current capacity by 30,000 tones per year in the most versatile ill that can use the capacity to meet any demand that arises in the market. Adding any additional options presented brings down NAP and AIR for the company. However, AMP should closely monitor the uncoated fine paper market for the next several years Ana reevaluat e ten expected level AT mean IT . ten mean accelerates at a faster-than-expected pace, or once demand has reached a level in which it becomes possible for AMP to Justify the significant capital investment of a new pulp mill and large capacity machine, it should consider expanding its capacity to take advantage of this growing demand. References Upton, David. (December 13, 1993). Australian Paper Manufacturers (A). Harvard Business School. 9-691-041.

Research On The Learning Of An Educational Setup Essay

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